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Everything You Always Wanted to Know

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Glossary

Paraphilia: One of several complex psychiatric disorders that are manifested as deviant sexual behavior. For example, in men the most common forms are pedophilia (sexual behavior or attraction toward children) and exhibitionism (exposing one's body in public setting). Other paraphilias include compulsive sexual behavior (nymphomania and priapism), sadism, masochism, fetishism, bestiality, and necrophilia. Treatment may include cognitive behavioral therapy, psychotherapy, behavior modification, antidepressant medications, and medications that alter hormone production, particularly of testosterone. However, the cause and treatment of paraphilias are poorly understood, and treatment is rarely effective. In addition, many professionals prefer not to pathologize sexual behavior that involves only willing adults, even if the behavior might be deemed deviant in mainstream society. In cases where the behavior is potentially criminal, as in pedophilia, treatment is usually offered within the penal system.

Paraphilia Glossary of Terms

Exhibitionism ("Flashing"): Exhibitionism is characterized by intense, sexually arousing fantasies, urges or behaviors involving exposure of the individual's genitals to an unsuspecting stranger. The individual with this problem, sometimes called a "flasher," feels a need to surprise, shock or impress his victims. The condition usually is limited to the exposure, with no other harmful advances made, although "indecent exposure" is illegal. Actual sexual contact with the victim is rare. However, the person may masturbate while exposing himself or while fantasizing about exposing himself.

Fetishism: Fetishism is a problem in which a person has sexual urges associated with non-living objects. The person becomes sexually aroused by wearing or touching the object. For example, the object of a fetish could be an article of clothing, such as underwear, rubber clothing, women's shoes, or women's underwear or lingerie. The fetish may replace sexual activity with a partner or may be integrated into sexual activity with a willing partner. When the fetish becomes the sole object of sexual desire, sexual relationships often are avoided. A related disorder, called partialism, involves becoming sexually aroused by a body part, such as the feet, breasts or buttocks.

Frotteurism: Frotteurism is a problem where the focus of the person's sexual urges is related to touching or rubbing his genitals against the body of a non-consenting, unfamiliar person. In most cases of frotteurism, a male rubs his genital area against a female, often in a crowded public location. This disorder also is a problem because the contact made with the other person is illegal.

Masochism: Pleasure from one's own pain. Masochism is considered a sexual disorder, or paraphilia.
See the entire definition of Masochism

Rape: Forced sexual intercourse; sexual assault; sexual intercourse between an adult and a minor . Rape may be heterosexual (involving members of opposite sexes) or homosexual (involving members of the same sex). Rape involves insertion of an erect penis or an inanimate object into the female vagina or the male anus . Legal definitions of rape may also include forced oral sex and other sexual acts.
See the entire definition of Rape

Sexual masochism: Sexual masochism is a disorder in which individuals use sexual fantasies, urges or behaviors involving the act (real, not simulated) of being humiliated, beaten or otherwise made to suffer in order to achieve sexual excitement and climax. These acts may be limited to verbal humiliation, or may involve being beaten, bound or otherwise abused. Masochists may act out their fantasies on themselves -- such as cutting or piercing their skin, or burning themselves -- or may seek out a partner who enjoys inflicting pain or humiliation on others (sadist). Activities with a partner include bondage, spanking, and simulated rape.
See the entire definition of Sexual masochism

Sexual sadism: Individuals with sexual sadism disorder have persistent fantasies in which sexual excitement results from inflicting psychological or physical suffering (including humiliation and terror) on a sexual partner. This disorder is different from minor acts of aggression in normal sexual activity; for example, rough sex. In some cases, sexual sadists are able to find willing partners to participate in the sadistic activities.
See the entire definition of Sexual sadism

 Transvestitism: Transvestitism, or transvestic fetishism, refers to the practice by heterosexual males of dressing in female clothes to produce or enhance sexual arousal. The sexual arousal usually does not involve a real partner, but includes the fantasy that the individual is the female partner, as well. Some men wear only one special piece of female clothing, such as underwear, while others fully dress as female, including hair style and make-up. Cross-dressing itself is not a problem, unless it is necessary for the individual to become sexually aroused or experience sexual climax.

Voyeurism ("Peeping Tom"): Voyeurism is a disorder that involves achieving sexual arousal by observing an unsuspecting and non-consenting person who is undressing or unclothed, and/or engaged in sexual activity. This behavior may conclude with masturbation by the voyeur. The voyeur does not seek sexual contact with the person he is observing. Other names for this behavior are "peeping" or "peeping Tom."

Classification of Offenders

What is a Risk Level 1 Offender?

Risk Level 1 offenders present the lowest possible risk to the community and their likelihood to re-offend is considered minimal.  They normally have not exhibited predatory type characteristics and most have successfully participated or are participating in approved treatment programs.  Many are first time offenders. They usually know, live with, or are related to their victims.

What is a Risk Level 2 Offender?

Risk Level 2 offenders present a moderate risk to the community and they have a higher likelihood of re-offending than level 1 offenders.  They are considered an increased risk to re-offend because of the nature of their previous crime(s) and lifestyle (drug and alcohol abuse and other criminal activity).  Some have refused to participate or failed to complete approved treatment programs.  They may have more than one victim and the abuse may be long term.  These offenders usually groom their victims and may use threats to commit their crimes.  These crimes may be predatory with the offender using a position of trust to commit their crimes.  Typically these individuals do not appreciate the damage they have done to their victims. 

What is a Risk Level 3 Offender?

Risk Level 3 offenders pose a potential high risk to the community and are a threat to re-offend if provided the opportunity.  Most have prior sex crime convictions as well as other criminal convictions.  Their lifestyles and choices place them in this classification.  Some have predatory characteristics and may seek out victims.  Generally they have refused or failed to complete approved treatment programs.  They usually have one or more victims.  They may not know their victim(s).  The crime may show a manifest cruelty to the victim(s) and these offenders usually deny or minimize the crime.  These offenders commonly have clear indications of a personality disorder. 

The Mille Lacs Academy currently has only Level 1 and Level 2 sex offenders in their program, however they have had Level 3 in the past and could have them again in the future.

How Is Paraphilia Treated?

Most cases of paraphilia are treated with counseling and therapy to help these people modify their behavior. Medications may help to decrease the compulsiveness associated with paraphilia, and reduce the number of deviant sexual fantasies and behaviors. In some cases, hormones are prescribed for individuals who experience frequent occurrences of abnormal or dangerous sexual behavior. Many of these medications work by reducing the individual's sex drive.

How Successful Is Treatment for Paraphilia?

To be most effective, treatment must be provided on a long-term basis. Unwillingness to comply with treatment can hinder its success. It is imperative that people with paraphilias of an illegal nature receive professional help before they harm others or create legal problems for themselves.

Resources

Paraphilia Center

Reducing Deviant Arousal in Juvenile
Sex Offenders Using Vicarious Sensitization
 

Sex Offender Treatment

Adolescent Sexual Offenders: Issues for Pediatricians

Understanding Juvenile Sex Offenders:  Research Findings and Guidelines for Effective Management and Treatment

The profile and treatment of male adolescent sex offenders

Sexual Violence Prevention Network

Offender Program Resources

Offender Locator

Sex Crime News

Are Sex Offenders Treatable?

Court Cases

Examples of the Mille Lacs Academy sex offenders.

Sex Offender News

Virginia requires convicted sex offenders  to register their e-mail addresses with the state.

Nevada forces certain sex  offenders to live at least 1,000 feet away from schools and other places  children gather.

Connecticut creates a new crime for those who abuse a child  under 13 that carries a 25-year prison sentence.